Englishfor English speakers
the
Determiner
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Used, instead of a, to reference something specific, already known to exist.
Compare "I read a book." and "I read the book."
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Used with a stress, to show that the word following is special.
Are you the John Smith that I went to school with?
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Used with an adjective that acts like a noun to mean all of the people concerned
The poor are always with us.
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Used with superlatives forms of adjectives and adverbs.
You are the best.
fact
Noun
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A fact is something that is true.
That is not just my idea, it is a fact.
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A fact is a piece of information.
He collects little-known facts.
that
Determiner
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Used to show which thing we are talking about; used with things that are not close to the speaker.
Give me that book, not this one.
Give me that, not this.
That dog is hungry.
that
Subordinator
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used to link a subordinate clause to a main one
You said that you liked me.
Give me the book that I dropped.