Englishfor English speakers
arithmetic
Noun
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The kind of mathematics in which addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division are done on numbers.
My son is starting to do simple arithmetic like math2 + 2 = 4/math.
extrapolation
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noun
(mathematics) calculation of the value of a function outside the range of known values
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noun
an inference about the future (or about some hypothetical situation) based on known facts and observations