Englishfor English speakers
A2
initial English
Meaning initial meaning
What does initial mean?
Definitions in simple English
initial
initial
initial
initial
Synonyms initial synonyms
What other words have the same or similar meaning as initial?
initial English » English
Topics initial topics
What do people use initial to talk about?
-
What words describe something that is first in order or time?
-
What words refer to the name of a person?
Conjugation initial conjugation
How do you conjugate initial?
initial · verb
Present I initial
Positive I initial
Singular
1st person I initial
2nd person you initial
3rd person he/she/it initials
Plural
1st person we initial
2nd person you initial
3rd person they initial
Negative I don't initial
Singular
1st person I don't initial I do not initial
2nd person you don't initial you do not initial
3rd person he/she/it doesn't initial he/she/it does not initial
Plural
1st person we don't initial we do not initial
2nd person you don't initial you do not initial
3rd person they don't initial they do not initial
Question do I initial?
Singular
1st person do I initial?
2nd person do you initial?
3rd person does he/she/it initial?
Plural
1st person do we initial?
2nd person do you initial?
3rd person do they initial?
Negative question don't I initial?
Singular
1st person don't I initial? do I not initial?
2nd person don't you initial? do you not initial?
3rd person doesn't he/she/it initial? does he/she/it not initial?
Plural
1st person don't we initial? do we not initial?
2nd person don't you initial? do you not initial?
3rd person don't they initial? do they not initial?
Past I initialed
Positive I initialed
Singular
1st person I initialed I initialled
2nd person you initialed you initialled
3rd person he/she/it initialed he/she/it initialled
Plural
1st person we initialed we initialled
2nd person you initialed you initialled
3rd person they initialed they initialled
Negative I didn't initial
Singular
1st person I didn't initial I did not initial
2nd person you didn't initial you did not initial
3rd person he/she/it didn't initial he/she/it did not initial
Plural
1st person we didn't initial we did not initial
2nd person you didn't initial you did not initial
3rd person they didn't initial they did not initial
Question did I initial?
Singular
1st person did I initial?
2nd person did you initial?
3rd person did he/she/it initial?
Plural
1st person did we initial?
2nd person did you initial?
3rd person did they initial?
Negative question didn't I initial?
Singular
1st person didn't I initial? did I not initial?
2nd person didn't you initial? did you not initial?
3rd person didn't he/she/it initial? did he/she/it not initial?
Plural
1st person didn't we initial? did we not initial?
2nd person didn't you initial? did you not initial?
3rd person didn't they initial? did they not initial?
Future I'll initial
Positive I'll initial
Singular
1st person I'll initial I will initial
2nd person you'll initial you will initial
3rd person he/she/it'll initial he/she/it will initial
Plural
1st person we'll initial we will initial
2nd person you'll initial you will initial
3rd person they'll initial they will initial
Negative I won't initial
Singular
1st person I won't initial I will not initial
2nd person you won't initial you will not initial
3rd person he/she/it won't initial he/she/it will not initial
Plural
1st person we won't initial we will not initial
2nd person you won't initial you will not initial
3rd person they won't initial they will not initial
Question will I initial?
Singular
1st person will I initial?
2nd person will you initial?
3rd person will he/she/it initial?
Plural
1st person will we initial?
2nd person will you initial?
3rd person will they initial?
Negative question won't I initial?
Singular
1st person won't I initial? will I not initial?
2nd person won't you initial? will you not initial?
3rd person won't he/she/it initial? will he/she/it not initial?
Plural
1st person won't we initial? will we not initial?
2nd person won't you initial? will you not initial?
3rd person won't they initial? will they not initial?
Conditional I'd initial
Positive I'd initial
Singular
1st person I'd initial I would initial
2nd person you'd initial you would initial
3rd person he/she/it'd initial he/she/it would initial
Plural
1st person we'd initial we would initial
2nd person you'd initial you would initial
3rd person they'd initial they would initial
Negative I wouldn't initial
Singular
1st person I wouldn't initial I would not initial
2nd person you wouldn't initial you would not initial
3rd person he/she/it wouldn't initial he/she/it would not initial
Plural
1st person we wouldn't initial we would not initial
2nd person you wouldn't initial you would not initial
3rd person they wouldn't initial they would not initial
Question would I initial?
Singular
1st person would I initial?
2nd person would you initial?
3rd person would he/she/it initial?
Plural
1st person would we initial?
2nd person would you initial?
3rd person would they initial?
Negative question wouldn't I initial?
Singular
1st person wouldn't I initial? would I not initial?
2nd person wouldn't you initial? would you not initial?
3rd person wouldn't he/she/it initial? would he/she/it not initial?
Plural
1st person wouldn't we initial? would we not initial?
2nd person wouldn't you initial? would you not initial?
3rd person wouldn't they initial? would they not initial?
Present continuous I'm initialing
Positive I'm initialing
Singular
1st person I'm initialing I'm initialling I am initialing I am initialling
2nd person you're initialing you're initialling you are initialing you are initialling
3rd person he/she/it's initialing he/she/it's initialling he/she/it is initialing he/she/it is initialling
Plural
1st person we're initialing we're initialling we are initialing we are initialling
2nd person you're initialing you're initialling you are initialing you are initialling
3rd person they're initialing they're initialling they are initialing they are initialling
Negative I'm not initialing
Singular
1st person I'm not initialing I'm not initialling I am not initialing I am not initialling
2nd person you aren't initialing you aren't initialling you're not initialing you're not initialling you are not initialing you are not initialling
3rd person he/she/it isn't initialing he/she/it isn't initialling he/she/it's not initialing he/she/it's not initialling he/she/it is not initialing he/she/it is not initialling
Plural
1st person we aren't initialing we aren't initialling we're not initialing we're not initialling we are not initialing we are not initialling
2nd person you aren't initialing you aren't initialling you're not initialing you're not initialling you are not initialing you are not initialling
3rd person they aren't initialing they aren't initialling they're not initialing they're not initialling they are not initialing they are not initialling
Question am I initialing?
Singular
1st person am I initialing? am I initialling?
2nd person are you initialing? are you initialling?
3rd person is he/she/it initialing? is he/she/it initialling?
Plural
1st person are we initialing? are we initialling?
2nd person are you initialing? are you initialling?
3rd person are they initialing? are they initialling?
Negative question aren't I initialing?
Singular
1st person aren't I initialing? aren't I initialling? am I not initialing? am I not initialling?
2nd person aren't you initialing? aren't you initialling? are you not initialing? are you not initialling?
3rd person isn't he/she/it initialing? isn't he/she/it initialling? is he/she/it not initialing? is he/she/it not initialling?
Plural
1st person aren't we initialing? aren't we initialling? are we not initialing? are we not initialling?
2nd person aren't you initialing? aren't you initialling? are you not initialing? are you not initialling?
3rd person aren't they initialing? aren't they initialling? are they not initialing? are they not initialling?
Past continuous I was initialing
Positive I was initialing
Singular
1st person I was initialing I was initialling
2nd person you were initialing you were initialling
3rd person he/she/it was initialing he/she/it was initialling
Plural
1st person we were initialing we were initialling
2nd person you were initialing you were initialling
3rd person they were initialing they were initialling
Negative I wasn't initialing
Singular
1st person I wasn't initialing I wasn't initialling I was not initialing I was not initialling
2nd person you weren't initialing you weren't initialling you were not initialing you were not initialling
3rd person he/she/it wasn't initialing he/she/it wasn't initialling he/she/it was not initialing he/she/it was not initialling
Plural
1st person we weren't initialing we weren't initialling we were not initialing we were not initialling
2nd person you weren't initialing you weren't initialling you were not initialing you were not initialling
3rd person they weren't initialing they weren't initialling they were not initialing they were not initialling
Question was I initialing?
Singular
1st person was I initialing? was I initialling?
2nd person were you initialing? were you initialling?
3rd person was he/she/it initialing? was he/she/it initialling?
Plural
1st person were we initialing? were we initialling?
2nd person were you initialing? were you initialling?
3rd person were they initialing? were they initialling?
Negative question wasn't I initialing?
Singular
1st person wasn't I initialing? wasn't I initialling? was I not initialing? was I not initialling?
2nd person weren't you initialing? weren't you initialling? were you not initialing? were you not initialling?
3rd person wasn't he/she/it initialing? wasn't he/she/it initialling? was he/she/it not initialing? was he/she/it not initialling?
Plural
1st person weren't we initialing? weren't we initialling? were we not initialing? were we not initialling?
2nd person weren't you initialing? weren't you initialling? were you not initialing? were you not initialling?
3rd person weren't they initialing? weren't they initialling? were they not initialing? were they not initialling?
Future continuous I'll be initialing
Positive I'll be initialing
Singular
1st person I'll be initialing I'll be initialling I will be initialing I will be initialling
2nd person you'll be initialing you'll be initialling you will be initialing you will be initialling
3rd person he/she/it'll be initialing he/she/it'll be initialling he/she/it will be initialing he/she/it will be initialling
Plural
1st person we'll be initialing we'll be initialling we will be initialing we will be initialling
2nd person you'll be initialing you'll be initialling you will be initialing you will be initialling
3rd person they'll be initialing they'll be initialling they will be initialing they will be initialling
Negative I won't be initialing
Singular
1st person I won't be initialing I won't be initialling I will not be initialing I will not be initialling
2nd person you won't be initialing you won't be initialling you will not be initialing you will not be initialling
3rd person he/she/it won't be initialing he/she/it won't be initialling he/she/it will not be initialing he/she/it will not be initialling
Plural
1st person we won't be initialing we won't be initialling we will not be initialing we will not be initialling
2nd person you won't be initialing you won't be initialling you will not be initialing you will not be initialling
3rd person they won't be initialing they won't be initialling they will not be initialing they will not be initialling
Question will I be initialing?
Singular
1st person will I be initialing? will I be initialling?
2nd person will you be initialing? will you be initialling?
3rd person will he/she/it be initialing? will he/she/it be initialling?
Plural
1st person will we be initialing? will we be initialling?
2nd person will you be initialing? will you be initialling?
3rd person will they be initialing? will they be initialling?
Negative question won't I be initialing?
Singular
1st person won't I be initialing? won't I be initialling? will I not be initialing? will I not be initialling?
2nd person won't you be initialing? won't you be initialling? will you not be initialing? will you not be initialling?
3rd person won't he/she/it be initialing? won't he/she/it be initialling? will he/she/it not be initialing? will he/she/it not be initialling?
Plural
1st person won't we be initialing? won't we be initialling? will we not be initialing? will we not be initialling?
2nd person won't you be initialing? won't you be initialling? will you not be initialing? will you not be initialling?
3rd person won't they be initialing? won't they be initialling? will they not be initialing? will they not be initialling?
Conditional continuous I'd be initialing
Positive I'd be initialing
Singular
1st person I'd be initialing I'd be initialling I would be initialing I would be initialling
2nd person you'd be initialing you'd be initialling you would be initialing you would be initialling
3rd person he/she/it'd be initialing he/she/it'd be initialling he/she/it would be initialing he/she/it would be initialling
Plural
1st person we'd be initialing we'd be initialling we would be initialing we would be initialling
2nd person you'd be initialing you'd be initialling you would be initialing you would be initialling
3rd person they'd be initialing they'd be initialling they would be initialing they would be initialling
Negative I wouldn't be initialing
Singular
1st person I wouldn't be initialing I wouldn't be initialling I would not be initialing I would not be initialling
2nd person you wouldn't be initialing you wouldn't be initialling you would not be initialing you would not be initialling
3rd person he/she/it wouldn't be initialing he/she/it wouldn't be initialling he/she/it would not be initialing he/she/it would not be initialling
Plural
1st person we wouldn't be initialing we wouldn't be initialling we would not be initialing we would not be initialling
2nd person you wouldn't be initialing you wouldn't be initialling you would not be initialing you would not be initialling
3rd person they wouldn't be initialing they wouldn't be initialling they would not be initialing they would not be initialling
Question would I be initialing?
Singular
1st person would I be initialing? would I be initialling?
2nd person would you be initialing? would you be initialling?
3rd person would he/she/it be initialing? would he/she/it be initialling?
Plural
1st person would we be initialing? would we be initialling?
2nd person would you be initialing? would you be initialling?
3rd person would they be initialing? would they be initialling?
Negative question wouldn't I be initialing?
Singular
1st person wouldn't I be initialing? wouldn't I be initialling? would I not be initialing? would I not be initialling?
2nd person wouldn't you be initialing? wouldn't you be initialling? would you not be initialing? would you not be initialling?
3rd person wouldn't he/she/it be initialing? wouldn't he/she/it be initialling? would he/she/it not be initialing? would he/she/it not be initialling?
Plural
1st person wouldn't we be initialing? wouldn't we be initialling? would we not be initialing? would we not be initialling?
2nd person wouldn't you be initialing? wouldn't you be initialling? would you not be initialing? would you not be initialling?
3rd person wouldn't they be initialing? wouldn't they be initialling? would they not be initialing? would they not be initialling?
Present perfect I've initialed
Positive I've initialed
Singular
1st person I've initialed I've initialled I have initialed I have initialled
2nd person you've initialed you've initialled you have initialed you have initialled
3rd person he/she/it's initialed he/she/it's initialled he/she/it has initialed he/she/it has initialled
Plural
1st person we've initialed we've initialled we have initialed we have initialled
2nd person you've initialed you've initialled you have initialed you have initialled
3rd person they've initialed they've initialled they have initialed they have initialled
Negative I haven't initialed
Singular
1st person I haven't initialed I haven't initialled I have not initialed I have not initialled
2nd person you haven't initialed you haven't initialled you have not initialed you have not initialled
3rd person he/she/it hasn't initialed he/she/it hasn't initialled he/she/it has not initialed he/she/it has not initialled
Plural
1st person we haven't initialed we haven't initialled we have not initialed we have not initialled
2nd person you haven't initialed you haven't initialled you have not initialed you have not initialled
3rd person they haven't initialed they haven't initialled they have not initialed they have not initialled
Question have I initialed?
Singular
1st person have I initialed? have I initialled?
2nd person have you initialed? have you initialled?
3rd person has he/she/it initialed? has he/she/it initialled?
Plural
1st person have we initialed? have we initialled?
2nd person have you initialed? have you initialled?
3rd person have they initialed? have they initialled?
Negative question haven't I initialed?
Singular
1st person haven't I initialed? haven't I initialled? have I not initialed? have I not initialled?
2nd person haven't you initialed? haven't you initialled? have you not initialed? have you not initialled?
3rd person hasn't he/she/it initialed? hasn't he/she/it initialled? has he/she/it not initialed? has he/she/it not initialled?
Plural
1st person haven't we initialed? haven't we initialled? have we not initialed? have we not initialled?
2nd person haven't you initialed? haven't you initialled? have you not initialed? have you not initialled?
3rd person haven't they initialed? haven't they initialled? have they not initialed? have they not initialled?
Past perfect I had initialed
Positive I had initialed
Singular
1st person I had initialed I had initialled
2nd person you had initialed you had initialled
3rd person he/she/it had initialed he/she/it had initialled
Plural
1st person we had initialed we had initialled
2nd person you had initialed you had initialled
3rd person they had initialed they had initialled
Negative I hadn't initialed
Singular
1st person I hadn't initialed I hadn't initialled I had not initialed I had not initialled
2nd person you hadn't initialed you hadn't initialled you had not initialed you had not initialled
3rd person he/she/it hadn't initialed he/she/it hadn't initialled he/she/it had not initialed he/she/it had not initialled
Plural
1st person we hadn't initialed we hadn't initialled we had not initialed we had not initialled
2nd person you hadn't initialed you hadn't initialled you had not initialed you had not initialled
3rd person they hadn't initialed they hadn't initialled they had not initialed they had not initialled
Question had I initialed?
Singular
1st person had I initialed? had I initialled?
2nd person had you initialed? had you initialled?
3rd person had he/she/it initialed? had he/she/it initialled?
Plural
1st person had we initialed? had we initialled?
2nd person had you initialed? had you initialled?
3rd person had they initialed? had they initialled?
Negative question hadn't I initialed?
Singular
1st person hadn't I initialed? hadn't I initialled? had I not initialed? had I not initialled?
2nd person hadn't you initialed? hadn't you initialled? had you not initialed? had you not initialled?
3rd person hadn't he/she/it initialed? hadn't he/she/it initialled? had he/she/it not initialed? had he/she/it not initialled?
Plural
1st person hadn't we initialed? hadn't we initialled? had we not initialed? had we not initialled?
2nd person hadn't you initialed? hadn't you initialled? had you not initialed? had you not initialled?
3rd person hadn't they initialed? hadn't they initialled? had they not initialed? had they not initialled?
Future perfect I'll have initialed
Positive I'll have initialed
Singular
1st person I'll have initialed I'll have initialled I will have initialed I will have initialled
2nd person you'll have initialed you'll have initialled you will have initialed you will have initialled
3rd person he/she/it'll have initialed he/she/it'll have initialled he/she/it will have initialed he/she/it will have initialled
Plural
1st person we'll have initialed we'll have initialled we will have initialed we will have initialled
2nd person you'll have initialed you'll have initialled you will have initialed you will have initialled
3rd person they'll have initialed they'll have initialled they will have initialed they will have initialled
Negative I won't have initialed
Singular
1st person I won't have initialed I won't have initialled I will not have initialed I will not have initialled
2nd person you won't have initialed you won't have initialled you will not have initialed you will not have initialled
3rd person he/she/it won't have initialed he/she/it won't have initialled he/she/it will not have initialed he/she/it will not have initialled
Plural
1st person we won't have initialed we won't have initialled we will not have initialed we will not have initialled
2nd person you won't have initialed you won't have initialled you will not have initialed you will not have initialled
3rd person they won't have initialed they won't have initialled they will not have initialed they will not have initialled
Question +'ll I have initialed?
Singular
1st person +'ll I have initialed? +'ll I have initialled? will I have initialed? will I have initialled?
2nd person +'ll you have initialed? +'ll you have initialled? will you have initialed? will you have initialled?
3rd person +'ll he/she/it have initialed? +'ll he/she/it have initialled? will he/she/it have initialed? will he/she/it have initialled?
Plural
1st person +'ll we have initialed? +'ll we have initialled? will we have initialed? will we have initialled?
2nd person +'ll you have initialed? +'ll you have initialled? will you have initialed? will you have initialled?
3rd person +'ll they have initialed? +'ll they have initialled? will they have initialed? will they have initialled?
Negative question won't I have initialed?
Singular
1st person won't I have initialed? won't I have initialled? will I not have initialed? will I not have initialled?
2nd person won't you have initialed? won't you have initialled? will you not have initialed? will you not have initialled?
3rd person won't he/she/it have initialed? won't he/she/it have initialled? will he/she/it not have initialed? will he/she/it not have initialled?
Plural
1st person won't we have initialed? won't we have initialled? will we not have initialed? will we not have initialled?
2nd person won't you have initialed? won't you have initialled? will you not have initialed? will you not have initialled?
3rd person won't they have initialed? won't they have initialled? will they not have initialed? will they not have initialled?
Conditional perfect I'd have initialed
Positive I'd have initialed
Singular
1st person I'd have initialed I'd have initialled I would have initialed I would have initialled
2nd person you'd have initialed you'd have initialled you would have initialed you would have initialled
3rd person he/she/it'd have initialed he/she/it'd have initialled he/she/it would have initialed he/she/it would have initialled
Plural
1st person we'd have initialed we'd have initialled we would have initialed we would have initialled
2nd person you'd have initialed you'd have initialled you would have initialed you would have initialled
3rd person they'd have initialed they'd have initialled they would have initialed they would have initialled
Negative I wouldn't have initialed
Singular
1st person I wouldn't have initialed I wouldn't have initialled I would not have initialed I would not have initialled
2nd person you wouldn't have initialed you wouldn't have initialled you would not have initialed you would not have initialled
3rd person he/she/it wouldn't have initialed he/she/it wouldn't have initialled he/she/it would not have initialed he/she/it would not have initialled
Plural
1st person we wouldn't have initialed we wouldn't have initialled we would not have initialed we would not have initialled
2nd person you wouldn't have initialed you wouldn't have initialled you would not have initialed you would not have initialled
3rd person they wouldn't have initialed they wouldn't have initialled they would not have initialed they would not have initialled
Question would I have initialed?
Singular
1st person would I have initialed? would I have initialled?
2nd person would you have initialed? would you have initialled?
3rd person would he/she/it have initialed? would he/she/it have initialled?
Plural
1st person would we have initialed? would we have initialled?
2nd person would you have initialed? would you have initialled?
3rd person would they have initialed? would they have initialled?
Negative question wouldn't I have initialed?
Singular
1st person wouldn't I have initialed? wouldn't I have initialled? would I not have initialed? would I not have initialled?
2nd person wouldn't you have initialed? wouldn't you have initialled? would you not have initialed? would you not have initialled?
3rd person wouldn't he/she/it have initialed? wouldn't he/she/it have initialled? would he/she/it not have initialed? would he/she/it not have initialled?
Plural
1st person wouldn't we have initialed? wouldn't we have initialled? would we not have initialed? would we not have initialled?
2nd person wouldn't you have initialed? wouldn't you have initialled? would you not have initialed? would you not have initialled?
3rd person wouldn't they have initialed? wouldn't they have initialled? would they not have initialed? would they not have initialled?
Imperative initial!
Positive
you initial!
we let's initial!
Negative
you don't initial!
we let's not initial!
Examples initial examples
How do I use initial in a sentence?
Simple sentences
The initial symptoms of the disease are fever and sore throat.
In the development of Lojban, efforts were consistently made since the initial phase to keep the language culturally neutral.
Movie subtitles
My initial belief was correct.
If we remove the article from the digital site, she'll accept the initial offer.
The camera negative misses the initial credits and the intertitles. These were reconstructed using the censorship cards.
So now that he's over the initial shock, I can step in and close the deal.
The Marshal thought the initial strike would be enough.
I must say you've shown the most commendable delicacy in just tattooing the initial, not printing the names, addresses and telephone numbers.
I didn't even know what my middle initial stood for.
She remembered putting her initial under my signature.
And once the initial delusion was established. her present condition was almost inevitable.
The Japanese had conquered the island chain to Guadalcanal and we had to start the long climb back despite the initial lack of men and materiel.
Consequently, initial contact is of vital importance.
Oh, balloons. The preliminary reports on the use of balloons for initial jumps are generally favourable.
The initial phase is an encircling manoeuvre, thus!
Our first target will be the initial landing place outside L.A.
Presumably, this is an inside joke, put in by a music editor some years later, to replace the music used for the initial release of the film.
In fact, I'm just getting over my initial surprise on discovering what you are.
I must say you've shown the most commendable delicacy in just tattooing the initial, not printing the names, addresses and telephone numbers. Open!
Whether the 'S' stands for his first or last initial remains to be determined by a process of elimination.
Well, there must be ten thousand doctors in London with 'S' for a first or last initial.
One-forty-four-A, initial is O for Oscar.
So if you just go and stand under your initial. you'll be claimed like a piece of luggage at an airport.
As a protective measure, I wrote my bank. changing my signature, adding my middle initial. which for some years I had not used.
Call on initial.
You'll be glad to know. that my initial tests didn't turn up anything.
Beechcroft, chapter three- that's the one on initial phenomena of intense concentration.
Why, with an initial investment of a quarter of a million dollars. i could take this plastics thing. excuse me, mr.
Here's your initial heading, John.
However, in their initial testimony you indicated.
The initial training's important!
It may interest you to know that since the initial use of corbomite more than two of our centuries ago, no attacking vessel has survived the attempt.
I shall supervise the initial stages suspicion must not be aroused!
Under dispute between the two parties since initial contact.
I neglected, in my initial run-through, to correlate the possible contributions by offspring.
Surname first, Christian name, and initial.
It should take you a long way, indeed, provided, of course, that you get those initial breaks.
The scientists who made the initial investigation reported the men were vicious and arrogant.
INITIAL REPORT.
His calculations on initial stresses were invaluable to this project.
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France, too, has become uncompetitive, owing to the cheap credit brought by the euro in its initial years.
Chaos theory in mathematics explains such dependency on remote and seemingly trivial initial conditions, and explains why even the extrapolation of apparently precise planetary motion becomes impossible when taken far enough into the future.
Such a break is the only way to prevent over-speculation in the RMB, although de-pegging may cause some initial devaluation under current market conditions.
Building and solidifying these institutions, however, takes time. Using an initial period of growth to experiment and innovate on these fronts can pay high dividends later on.
The recent indications of some initial dialogue between China and India, and between China and Japan, suggest that China also realizes that escalating old grievances is not in its interest.
Stock prices did, of course, decrease as a result of the Asian panic and its financial ramifications, but America's stock markets have since then recouped all of their initial losses and even moved on to new record highs.
Initial warning signs of a pandemic are most likely to appear in the developing world, but detection nodes should be positioned in every country, with the least possible expense.
Indeed, just as our initial research uncovered no evidence of relative Muslim egalitarianism, we discovered no major difference between preference for sons among Christians and Muslims.
The reason is clear: by taking time to set the stage for liberalization, governments hoped to limit the initial spike in price inflation, thereby avoiding a wage-price spiral and curbing capital flight.
That decision was intended to allow the Petersen Group to service the debts to banks, and to Repsol itself, that it incurred with its share purchase, for which it made no initial payment.
In hindsight, these exchange-rate swings mirrored the initial collapse and subsequent rebound in global trade, helping to mitigate the recession.
Where, in a purely deductive argument, was there room for nature's surprises, for mechanisms that look nothing like what we imagine in our initial assumptions?
After an initial rally, Brazilian interest rates have settled at levels incompatible with long-term solvency.
Indeed, neither the Chicago School nor the MIT School say that market outcomes are fair, because actual market outcomes depend on the initial distribution of resources.
Using an initial period of growth to experiment and innovate on these fronts can pay high dividends later on.
But politicians may need two steps: an initial failure to agree, and then a quick deal in response to the resulting financial-market convulsions.
In fact, the absence of a specific ideology was essential to the Arab Spring's initial success in Egypt and Tunisia, for it allowed a large number of young activists to forge loose alliances.
The money needed to launch an LEU bank is in place, thanks primarily to a non-governmental organization - the Nuclear Threat Initiative - and initial funding from Warren Buffett.
Likewise, launching initial public offerings on European stock exchanges has strengthened Russian corporations' governance, social responsibility, and treatment of minority shareholders.
After China's government became aware that independent grassroots movements could convince ordinary Chinese where government propaganda had failed, it lifted its initial ban on reporting on Tibet.
When a stubborn teenager went up against the mighty lottery authority with its army of auditors and inspectors and initial alibis, this individual, not the system, was the clear winner of the public's admiration.
When their initial gathering ends, they will host their counterparts from across the region, including US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton.
The United Nations Environment Program will certainly make this a focus of its post-Games report, building on the initial one issued in 2007.