Englishfor English speakers
a
Determinative
—
A is used when the following word could be any of a certain type.
Compare "A book I saw on the shelf" and "The book I gave you yesterday".
a
Noun
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A is the first letter of the alphabet.
The letter "a" comes before "b".
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In some schools, an A is a very high grade.
Ron got an A on his earth science test.
lot
Noun
—
A lot of something is a large amount of it.
I have a lot of things to say.
He caused lots of trouble.
—
To a large degree
Running is lots more fun when the weather is cool.
—
Often
He used to come here a lot, but he doesn't anymore.
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A lot is a piece of land, usually small.
They are constructing a building on this lot.
of
Preposition
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Made using.
It is a house of cards.
water
Noun
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Water is a clear liquid of the chemical compound Hsub2/subO that all living things need in order to live.
The dog drank the water from his dish
Can I please have a glass of water?
Your plant needs more water as it is about to die.
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A water is a bottle or glass serving of water.
"I want to order two waters, waiter".
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Water is mineral water.
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Water is one of the four basic elements.
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Water is urine.
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Water is amniotic fluid.
Right before the woman went into labor, her water broke.
water
Verb
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If you water something, you add water to soil around plants.
He waters the plants.
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If you water something, you give water to animals.
He waters the horses.
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If you water something, you dilute it.
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If something waters, it fills with water; it secretes water.
His eyes watered as he cut up the onion.
have
Verb
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Someone has something if the thing is in their hands. The person is holding or gripping it.
Do you have a spoon, or do you need me to give you one so you can eat the soup?
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If you have uto/u do something, you must do it.
I have to go.
I had to do it.
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Someone has something if the thing is that person's thing: the person owns it; it belongs to the person.
The rich family has a big house.
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If you have you hold something in the mind.
I have a doubt about him.
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If you have you join something.
We have lunch at 13:00.
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You use have to say that you suffer from something or to tell the experience.
I have a defective vision. (I don't see well.)
He had a wonderful time with his friends.
passed
adjective
—
That has passed beyond a certain point (chiefly in set collocations).
—
That has passed a given qualification or examination; qualified.
under
Preposition
—
In the same place as another thing, but lower.
They ate under the trees.
—
In the control of.
He was under the leader of the organization.
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In the middle of a process; experiencing.
The idea is under the committee's judgement (judging).
the
Determiner
—
Used, instead of a, to reference something specific, already known to exist.
Compare "I read a book." and "I read the book."
—
Used with a stress, to show that the word following is special.
Are you the John Smith that I went to school with?
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Used with an adjective that acts like a noun to mean all of the people concerned
The poor are always with us.
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Used with superlatives forms of adjectives and adverbs.
You are the best.
bridge
Noun
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Anything which avoids something which blocks a path, usually water, by going over the top of it.
The connects the two sides of California.
The bridge let cars go over the road, to avoid the traffic.
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A card game.